INFLUENCE OF ALLOPHYLUS AFRICANUS ON BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF GENTAMICIN INDUCED LIVER AND KIDNEY INJURIES IN ADULT MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Abstract

The study investigated the Influence of Allophylus africanus on Biochemical and histological parameters of gentamicin induced liver and kidney injuries in adult male Wistar albino rats. A total of twenty five (25) male Wistar rats (150-200g)  were used divided into 5 groups of 5 animals each (Group 1,2,3,4 and 5) where the mean weight difference in each group was not more than 5 g. Group 1 (control) received only distilled water. Groups 2-5 were induced by oral gavage with 80 mg/kg b.wt. of gentamicin single dose. After, groups 3, 4 and 5 received 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg b.wt of AALE respectively, for 10 days. At the end of the experiments, Blood was obtained by cardiac puncture. The liver function test, antioxidant activities and kidney function bio-markers were analyzed to determine the effect of the leaf extracts on the treated rats. The liver and kidney of the rat were also excised for histopathological analysis and the animals were sacrificed. Treatment of rats with 100-300 mg/kg b.wt of AALE significantly (p<0.05) reduced the serum levels of urea, creatinine, AST, ALP, ALT, CAT, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin and significantly (P<0.05) increased total protein, and gluthatione peroxidase (GPx) compared to the untreated group. The activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) of the treated rats were statistically comparable to the normal rats at (p<0.05). The biochemical parameter assessment showed AALE significantly reduced concentration level of potassium ion (k+) and chlorine ion (Cl). Furthermore, Histopathological analysis revealed that AALE improved the structural damage of glomeruli and renal tubules in treated rats with increased doses of AALE. The results show that AALE are capable of ameliorating liver and kidney injury caused by gentamicin in rats.