Larvicidal Effect of Essential Oil from Leaves of Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
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Abstract
Essential oil of Lantana camara leaves were assayed in the laboratory against 3rd instars of Aedes aegypti larvae following standard World Health Organization insecticide susceptibility methodology. Seven concentrations (5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/l) were used in the test and larval mortalities recorded after 12-,24, 36-, and 48 h treatment exposures. Results indicated dose-dependent relationship with larval mortalities commencing at 10 mg/l dosage post 24 h exposure. A dosage of 60 mg/l caused 100% larval mortality at 48 h post-treatment exposure. Exposure time (F=256.0;df =0,10;P<0.01) and treatment rate (F=288.0; df =6,10;P<0.01) significantly affected percent larval mortality. The median lethal concentrations (LC50) and LC90 values declined as the exposure time (h) progressed. Fractionation and compound isolation of the essential oil extract of L. camara may reveal potent phytochemical that could be comparable to synthetic mosquitocides.
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