Simultaneous Adsorption of Nickel, Cadmium, Nitrate and Phosphate from Abattoir Wastewater Using Biowaste Biochars Adsorption of Nickel, Cadmium, Nitrate and Phosphate from Abattoir Wastewater
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Abstract
Adsorption can be one of the most effective methods of simultaneous elimination of nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), phosphate (PO4), and nitrate (NO3) from an environment. It is also the easiest, cheapest, and most environmentally friendly method. The study evaluated the adsorption of nickel, cadmium, nitrate, and phosphate from abattoir effluent using coconut husk biochar and sheanut shell biochar. The study employed different dosages of 100 mL of abattoir wastewater with a 60-minute contact time and a fixed rotatory speed. Coconut husk biochar and sheanut shell biochar efficiencies in nickel removal were 100% and ranged from 99.77% to 99.98%, respectively, and in cadmium removal were 95.21% to 99.96% and 96.05% to 99.19%, respectively, of abattoir effluent. Coconut husk and sheanut shell biochar adsorbed nitrate and phosphate with efficiencies of 99.72% to 99.83% and 99.79% to 99.90%, and 99.94% to 99.96% and 99.95% to 99.98%, respectively. The sheanut shell biochar and coconut husk biochar in abattoir wastewater at varied grams (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g) showed effective removal efficiency. The Freundlich model best describes the Cd, Ni, NO3, and PO4 adsorption on biochars from the KF, n, and R2 values. This indicates the pollutants adsorption is efficient, chemical in character, and the biochars are structurally heterogeneous and have high affinity to Cd, Ni, NO3 and PO4 ions that exist in the abattoir wastewater. Coconut husks and sheanut shells can be efficient and affordable adsorbents for harmful metals and nutrients from wastewater from abattoirs and other sources.
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