Modulatory Effects of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts on Benzene-Induced Haematopoietic Dysfunction in Wistar Rats
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Abstract
Benzene exposure has been linked to haematopoietic toxicity via generation of oxidative stress and DNA damage and breakdown of bone marrow function. Medicinal plants containing bioactive phytochemicals may offer protective effects against chemical-induced haematological alterations. This study evaluated the modulatory effects of selected medicinal plant extracts on benzene-induced haematopoietic dysfunction in Wistar rats. Forty-two male Wistar rats, weighng 80 -120g were used. They were randomly divided into 7 groups (n= 6). Group A (Normal control) received only normal saline, Group B (benzene group), Group C (benzene + Azadirachta indica , Psorospermum febrifugum, Ricinus communis and Rosy periwinkle from Groups C1-C4 respectively) while group D (benzene+ 5-fluorouracil). The haematological effects of animals were examined in terms of the change in parameters of full blood count and peripheral blood morphology. The results indicate benzene exposure produced significant alterations in haematological indices compared with the control group, including changes in white blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, and platelet parameters (p < 0.05). Treatment with the plant extracts partially restored altered haematological parameters, with some extracts showing effects comparable to the 5-fluorouracil-treated group. Selected medicinal plant extracts demonstrated potential modulatory effects against benzene-induced haematopoietic dysfunction in Wistar rats. These findings support further investigation of their phytochemical constituents and mechanisms of action.
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