Effect of Sodium Chloride Concentrations on Scenedesmus dimorphus (Turpin) Kützing Growth and Fatty Acid Composition Under Mixotrophic Conditions
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Abstract
The growing need for energy and the negative effects of using fossil fuels on the environment makes the search for sustainable and renewable energy sources imperative. Many studies are currently being conducted on the use of microalgae biofuels as a potential replacement for fossil fuels. This study examined how different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) affected Scenedesmus dimorphus's growth and essential fatty acid accumulation. The concentrations of NaCl used in cultivation of this strain in BG 11 medium under mixotrophic batch condition were 0.8g L-1, and 0.16 gL-1 with a control (0.0g L-1 NaCl . The control group, 0.8 gL-1, and 1.6 gL-1 NaCl concentrations had specific growth rates of 0.93, 0.99, and 0.80 cells day-1, respectively, suggesting that the culture with 0.8 g L-1 NaCl provided the best condition for cell proliferation. Conversely, the control (no NaCl) had the highest lipid productivity (16.94 mgL-1d-1), with increased total content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Addition of sodium chloride (1.6 gL-1) elicited lower lipid productivity when compared with the control, but significantly increased the concentration of essential fatty acid (18:3) from 28.81 to 34.04 %, and arachidonic acid (20:4) from 1.00 to 2.50 %. These findings suggest that addition of NaCl (1.6 gL-1) could induce high essential fatty acid synthesis in Scenedesmus dimorphus, necessary for biodiesel production.
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