Comparative Investigation on Wound Healing Potential of Gel Diffusion and Liquid Application of Adansonia digitata Active MoleculesComparative Investigation on Wound Healing Potential of Gel Diffusion and Liquid Application of Adansonia digitata Active Molecul
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Abstract
Innovation in wound care is increasingly focused on the development of active dressings such as hydrogels. In this study, a poly(acrylic acid)-based hydrogel biomaterial, enriched with a hydroalcoholic extract (80:20) from the stem bark of Adansonia digitata (R1) was synthesized in two formulations: gelled in the presence of KOH (Gel+/R1) and non-gelled in the absence of KOH (Gel−/R1). The aim of this work is to compare the wound healing potential by Adansonia digitata extract active molecules diffusion of a gelled formulation and the wound healing potential by those active molecules by direct application of a non-gelled formulation on cutaneous injuries induced in Sprague Dawley rats. To attempt this aim, (a) the hydroalcoholic extract (80:20) was characterized using thin-layer chromatography (TLC); (b) a poly(acrylic acid 3000)-based hydrogel incorporating the plant extract (Gel+/R1) and the non-gelled biomaterial (Gel−/R1) were formulated; (c) wound healing performance by macroscopic observation of the wounds was evaluated and surface areas (contraction rate) in Sprague Dawley rats were analyzed; (d) hydroxyproline content on Day 12 of wound healing was quantified and finally, (e) microscopic histological analysis on Days 6 and 12 post-induction were conducted. TLC analysis revealed major phytochemical constituents, including flavonoids (catechin), tannins (tannic acid), and phenolic acids (gallic acid). Rats treated with Gel+/R1 showed significantly higher wound contraction rates compared to the control groups with a wound contraction rate of approximately 97.08 ± 0.6% after 12 days, compared to 92 ± 4.2% in the Gel/KOH-treated group and 93.43 ± 2.3% in the non-gelled biomaterial containing the extract. Hydroxyproline quantification indicated better collagen production for rats treated with Gel+/R1; histological examination revealed complete re-epithelialization, better organized granulation tissue, fibroblast proliferation, and neovascularization with Gel+/R1. The Gel+/R1 hydrogel, with its viscous and translucent texture, provides a favorable diffusion environment for accelerated wound healing and skin regeneration. It represents a promising candidate for the development of bioactive wound dressings. Further studies will investigate its applications in tissue engineering.
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